Ultrasound
Ultrasound is a form of high frequency sound wave that is absorbed by the molecular level of soft tissue cells. Ultrasound is primarily a 'micro massage' for the soft tissue (by the alternate compression and relaxation of tissue by the pressure of sound waves and the mechanical reactions of the tissue) that helps stimulate the microcirculation and aids in the absorption of inflammatory cells. Ultrasound is particularly useful for joint and muscle swelling, contusions and bruises from injury and trauma (sprains and strains).

Interferential Current Therapy (I.F.C.)
Interferential Current Therapy uses a medium frequency electrical current (around 4000 Hertz) through paired electrodes to generate a vibration effect in the soft tissue. I.F.C. can be used for pain relief, muscle spasm, bruising/contusions and acute and chronic swelling.

Laser
Laser uses a small probe which emits a narrow beam of near-infrared light (invisible part of the light spectrum) to provide bio-stimulating effects in the soft tissue by increasing cell activity. Laser can be used for pain relief, inflammation, trigger points, wound healing and muscle spasm.

Ice
Ice can be applied to certain body areas with cryogen cold packs for muscle spasm, pain relief and acute inflammation following injury or trauma.

Moist Heat
Heat can be applied to certain body areas with hot packs for pain relief, muscle spasm, chronic inflammation and superficial adhesions.

Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
This is a non-pharmaceutical device use to control the sensation of pain. An electrical impulse is delivered through the skin via electrodes. This impulse interferes with the nerve transmission of pain and thereby decreases the brain's perception of pain.

Muscle Stimulation
This involves the use of a dual-channel device, designed to electrically stimulate nerve and muscle tissue through the skin. Its primary uses are to promote the contraction of unused of atrophied muscle and muscle re-education.